Process for flameproofing and waterproofing textile materials



United States Patent U.S. Cl. 117-137 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE in which R represents an alkyl group containing at least 12 atoms of carbon, and subjecting the impregnated textile material to a heat treatment.

The present invention concerns a process for flameproofing and waterproofing cellulosic textile materials.

The expression textile material is meant to include not only fabrics but fibres and yarns.

Stearylaminomethylpyridinium chloride has been used for some years in the textile industry for the purpose of giving waterproofing properties to cellulosic fibres which properties are fast to repeated washing. This substantially permanent waterproofing is obtained by subjecting fabrics, impregnated with a solution of this product, to a heat treatment so as to fix it on the cellulose.

On the other hand, it is known that fiameproofing substances obtained by controlled hydrolysis of the reaction products of ammonia on phosphonitrile chlorides, such as those of empirical formulae (PN C1 and or by the action of ammonia and methyl alcohol on phosphonitrile chlorides, give to cellulosic fibres a fire resistance which is fast to repeated washing. Such flameproofing substances are described for example, in U.S. Patents 2,782,133 and 3,012,908 and in pending U.S. patent applications Ser. Nos. 281,057, 267,914 now U.S. Patent 3,193,571 and 366,184 now U.S. Patent 3,394,205. These substances may for convenience be described as aminated fiameproofing substances derived from phosphonitrile chlorides. The flameproofing treatment comprises, for example, impregnating fabrics with a solution of the flameproofing substance and subjecting the fabrics to a heat treatment to bring about the fixation of the flameproofing substance on the fibres.

The above processes may be applied successively to eellulosic fibres so as to obtain textile materials having fiameproofing and waterproofing properties which are resistant to repeated washing. On the other hand, if the above flameproofing and waterproofing substances are used simultaneously in one bath, their fixation is less complete; apart from this the treatment baths thus prepared are not very stable.

It has now been found that by means of a single bath having good stability, a fiameproofed and waterproofed finish, the fastness to repeated washing of which is practically equivalent to that obtained by treatment in separate baths, can be obtained by using for the preparation of the bath an aminated fiameproofing substance derived from a phosphonitrile chloride and a waterproofing substance of the general formula:

in which R represents an alkyl group containing at least 12 carbon atoms.

According to the present invention therefore a process for flameproofing and waterproofing of cellulosic textile material is provided which comprises impregnating the material in an aqueous bath containing an aminated fiameproofing substance derived from a phosphonitrile chloride and a waterproofing substance of the above general formula, and subjecting the impregnated material to a heat treatment. The temperature of the heat treatment is advantageously between C. and 230 C. and its duration, which varies inversely with the temperature, may be as short as 20 seconds at 230 C. but as long as one hour at a lower temperature.

The quantity of fiameproofing substance and waterproofing substance to be used depends on the degree of resistance to washing that is desired.

The invention also includes the novel aqueous treatment baths containing an aminated flameproofing substance derived from a phosphonitrile chloride and a waterproofing substance of the above general formula.

The aqueous treatment bath may contain, in addition to the fiameproofing and waterproofing substances, any products capable of bringing about other effects, such as antifungal or oilproofing efiects.

The invention further includes cellulosic textile material rendered fiameproof and waterproof by the process of the invention.

The heat treatment of the impregnated textile materials simultaneously fixes the fiarneproofing and waterproofing substances and ensures their fastness to repeated washing. Reinforcement of the mechanical properties of the fibres also takes place, especially the resistance to tearing and abrasion, as compared with the fibre which is only flameproofed. The resistance of the untreated fibre to tearing and abrasion is unaltered by the treatment of the present invention.

The following examples, in which the proportions are given by weight, are purely illustrative.

Example 1 An aqueous bath is prepared containing 30% of the aminated flameproofing substance described in Example 1 of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 267,914, 6% of urea, 3% of octadecyloxy-methyl-pyridinium chloride and 1.5% of crystalline sodium acetate. A cotton satin fabric, well boiled and weighing 300 g. to the square metre, is padded in this bath, at a temperature of about 45 C., so that the squeezing rate is 75%. The fabric is dried, fixed for 5 minutes at C., rinsed and again dried. A fabric is obtained whose resistance to tearing is unchanged as compared with untreated fabric, the flameproofing of which is satisfactory after 10 washes at the boil and the waterproofing of which is satisfactory after 5 washes at the boil, these washes being carried out in baths containing 5 g. of Marseilles soap and 2 g. of sodium carbonate per litre.

Example 2 An aqueous bath is prepared containing 30% of the aminated flameproofing substances described in Example 2 of US. Patent 3,012,908, 6% of urea, 3% of octadecyloxy-niethylpyridinium chloride, and 1.5% of crystalline sodium acetate. A well boiled cotton twill fabric, weighing 330 g. per square metre, is padded in this bath at 45 C. so that the squeezing rate is 75%. The fabric is dried, fixed for 5 minutes at 150 C., rinsed and again dried. A fabric is obtained whose resistance to tearing is unchanged as compared with untreated fabric, the flameproofing of which is satisfactory after washes at the boil and the waterproofing of which is satisfactory after 5 washes at the boil, these washes being carried out in a bath containing 5 g. of Marseilles soap and 2 g. of sodium carbonate per litre.

Example 3 A bath is prepared containing of the aminated fiameproofing substance described in Example 5 of U5. Patent No. 3,012,908, 6% of urea, 3% of octadecyloxymethylpyridinium chloride and 1.5% of crystalline sodium acetate. A well boiled calico weighing 300 g. to the square metre is padded in this bath at C., so that the squeezing rate is The fabric is dried, fixed for 5 minutes at 150 C., rinsed and again dried. A flameproofed and waterproofed fabric is obtained, the flameproofing of which resists 10 washes and the waterproofing of which resists 5 washes, these washes being carried out at the boil in baths containing 5 g. of Marseilles soap and 2 g. of sodium carbonate per litre. The resistance to tearing of the fabric thus treated is unchanged as compared with untreated fabric.

In the place of flameproofing substances of the above examples one may use any of the flameproofing substances described and claimed in the above-mentioned US. patents and pending US. patent applications.

I claim:

1. Process for flameproofing and waterproofing cellulosic textile material which comprises impregnating the material in a bath containing an aminated flameproofing substance derived from a phosphonitrile chloride and a waterproofing substance of the general formula in which R represents an alkyl group containing at least 12 atoms of carbon, and subjecting the impregnated textile material to a heat treatment.

2. Process according to claim 1 wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is between C and 230 C. 3. Process according to claim 1 wherein the duration of the heat treatment is between some seconds and an hour.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,277,174 3/1942 Waltmann 260-297 2,782,133 2/1957 Vallette 117138 3,012,908 12/1961 Bilger 2528.1 3,193,571 7/1965 Bilger 2528.1

WILLIAM D. MARTIN, Primary Examiner.

H. J. GWINNELL, Assistant Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R. 

